Ulaanbaatar Attractions + Trans Mongolian Railway to Beijing

Ulaanbaatar is the bustling capital of Mongolia.  Indeed, a city that blends the ancient with the modern, offering a unique cultural experience to its visitors.  Known for its rich history, vibrant culture and stunning landscapes.  Ulaanbaatar is a gateway to exploring the vast steppes of Mongolia.  Whether you’re a history buff, a culture enthusiast or an adventure seeker, Ulaanbaatar attractions offer something for everyone.  Let’s delve into the must-visit sites and experiences that make Ulaanbaatar a captivating destination.

1. Gandan Monastery: A Spiritual Oasis

One of the most significant spiritual landmarks in Ulaanbaatar is the Gandan Monastery.  Officially known as Gandantegchinlen Monastery, this serene site is a center of Mongolian Buddhism.  Founded in the early 19th century, the monastery is home to several hundred monks and is renowned for its impressive architecture and peaceful ambiance.

Highlights:

• Migjid Janraisig Statue: The highlight of the monastery is the 26.5-meter-high statue of Migjid Janraisig (Avalokiteshvara), adorned with gold and precious stones.
• Daily Prayers: Visitors can witness the daily prayers and rituals, gaining insight into Buddhist practices.
• Beautiful Surroundings: The monastery grounds are tranquil, providing a peaceful retreat from the bustling city.

2. National Museum of Mongolia: Journey Through Time

The National Museum of Mongolia is a must-visit for history enthusiasts.  In fact, this museum offers a comprehensive overview of Mongolia’s rich history, from prehistoric times to the modern era.  The exhibits are well-curated, providing detailed insights into the cultural and historical evolution of the country.

Highlights:

• Prehistoric Artifacts: Explore ancient artifacts, including tools and fossils, showcasing Mongolia’s prehistoric past.
• Mongol Empire Exhibit: Learn about the rise and fall of the Mongol Empire, with exhibits featuring Genghis Khan and his descendants.
• Traditional Clothing: Admire the beautifully preserved traditional Mongolian clothing and accessories.

3. Sukhbaatar Square: The Heart of the City

Located in the center of Ulaanbaatar, Sukhbaatar Square is the city’s main square and a focal point for both locals and tourists.  Indeed, named after Damdin Sukhbaatar, a Mongolian revolutionary hero.  Moreover, the square is surrounded by significant government buildings and cultural landmarks.

Highlights:

• Chinggis Khan Statue: The imposing statue of Chinggis Khan (Genghis Khan) and his sons is a prominent feature of the square.
• Government Palace: The Government Palace, with its impressive architecture, dominates the square’s northern side.
• Cultural Events: The square often hosts cultural events, parades, and festivals, making it a lively place to visit.

4. Zaisan Memorial: Panoramic Views of the Ulaanbaatar Attractions

For breathtaking views of Ulaanbaatar, head to the Zaisan Memorial.  This Soviet-era monument, located on a hill south of the city, honors Soviet soldiers killed in World War II.  What’s more, the climb to the top is rewarded with stunning panoramic views of the city and the surrounding mountains.

Highlights:

• War Memorial: The memorial features a large mural depicting scenes of friendship between the Soviet Union and Mongolia.
• Scenic Views: The vantage point offers unparalleled views of Ulaanbaatar and the Tuul River valley.
• Relaxing Spot: The area around the memorial is perfect for a relaxing stroll or a picnic.

5. Bogd Khan Palace Museum: Royal Heritage

The Bogd Khan Palace Museum, also known as the Winter Palace of the Bogd Khan, is a fascinating historical site that offers a glimpse into Mongolia’s royal heritage.  This palace complex served as the residence of the eighth Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, the spiritual leader of Mongolia.  In addition, also known as the Bogd Khan.

Highlights:

• Lavish Interiors: The palace is filled with ornate decorations, beautiful artworks and religious artifacts.
• Exhibits: The museum’s exhibits include thangkas (Tibetan Buddhist paintings), sculptures and other religious relics.
• Historical Insight: Learn about the life and times of the Bogd Khan and the history of Mongolian royalty.

6. Gorkhi-Terelj National Park: Natural Beauty

Just a short drive from Ulaanbaatar, Gorkhi-Terelj National Park is a stunning natural reserve that offers a range of outdoor activities and breathtaking landscapes.  The park is known for its unique rock formations, verdant meadows, and serene rivers.

Highlights:

• Turtle Rock: One of the most famous rock formations in the park, resembling a giant turtle.
• Aryabal Meditation Temple: A peaceful Buddhist temple located in the park, offering meditation sessions and stunning views.
• Outdoor Activities: Enjoy hiking, horseback riding and camping in the pristine wilderness.

Ulaanbaatar offer a wide range of hotels from basic to luxury, with a little bit of searching you can find some very good deals.  For example, you can often organize with your hotel a trip out to Gorkhi – Terelj National Park where you can stay in a Ger camp.

7. The Choijin Lama Temple Museum: Architectural Gem

The Choijin Lama Temple Museum is a hidden gem in Ulaanbaatar, showcasing traditional Mongolian architecture and religious art.  This temple complex was built in the early 20th century and served as the residence of the state’s oracle lama.

Highlights:

• Beautiful Temples: The complex consists of several beautifully decorated temples, each with intricate carvings and paintings.
• Buddhist Artifacts: The museum houses a collection of rare Buddhist artifacts, including statues, scrolls and masks.
• Cultural Experience: The serene environment and historical significance make it a must-visit for culture enthusiasts.

Practical Tips for Visiting Ulaanbaatar

To make the most of your visit to Ulaanbaatar, consider these practical tips:

• Best Time to Visit: The best time to visit Ulaanbaatar attractions is during the summer months (June to August).  For this reason, the weather is mild and outdoor activities are enjoyable.
• Getting Around: Ulaanbaatar has a reliable public transportation system, including buses and taxis.  In addition, walking is also a great way to explore the city’s attractions.
• Accommodation: The city offers a range of accommodation options, from luxury hotels to budget-friendly guesthouses.  Booking in advance is recommended, especially during peak tourist seasons.
• Local Cuisine: Don’t miss the chance to try traditional Mongolian cuisine.  For example, dishes like buuz (steamed dumplings), khuushuur (fried dumplings) and tsuivan (stir-fried noodles).

Enjoy the Ulaanbaatar Attractions

Ulaanbaatar is a city of contrasts, where ancient traditions meet modern developments.  From its historical landmarks and cultural sites to its natural beauty and vibrant atmosphere.  Ulaanbaatar attractions offer a diverse and enriching travel experience.  Whether you’re exploring the spiritual Gandan Monastery, delving into history at the National Museum, or enjoying the scenic views from Zaisan Memorial.  Ulaanbaatar promises a journey filled with discovery and adventure.

Trans Mongolian Train From Ulaanbaatar to Beijing

The train from Ulaanbaatar to Beijing is an overnight service.  I was in a first class carriage sharing with an older German man who had dreamed of taking the Trans Siberian / Mongolian all his life.  On this service there is a shower which is shared with the cabin next door, so that 4 people per shower.  Lastly, I must confess I waited until arriving at my hotel in Beijing to take a shower!

The standard gauge of the railway lines in China is 1435 mm, the same as Europe.  Tracks in the former Soviet Union countries (and Mongolia) are Russian gauge which is 1520 mm.  When the train reaches the border of China and Mongolia it must be lifted up and the bogie changed to fit on the Chinese gauge tracks.  In fact, the Chinese have built a huge machine to do this and the process is performed very quickly.

You’ll need a Chinese visa in your passport before arriving at the border in China.  If you have a valid Chinese visa then you’ll have no problem at entering China, the stamping of passports was done very efficiently on the train.

Beijing to Xi’an, More on Irkutsk to Ulaanbaatar.